////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Name:       RO-043                                                         //
// Platform:   Arduino UNO Rev3                                               //
// Created by: HARB, April 2017, GPL copyrights                               //
// http://robotigs.com/robotigs/includes/parts_header.php?idpart=66           //
// Connect your Arduino to your PC and open the serial monitor.               //
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////


// SET PRECOMPILER OPTIONS *****************************************************
//Define the needed header files for the precompiler, no charge if not used ----
#include <Wire.h>                                   //Two Wire Interface library

//Define precompiler variables -------------------------------------------------
bool ledBinVal   = LOW;             //Choose HIGH=on or LOW=off for on-board LED
bool moistSwitch1 = HIGH;           //Choose HIGH=L>R or LOW=R<L for measurement
word moisture1;
//END OF PRECOMPILER OPTIONS ---------------------------------------------------


void setup() { //Setup runs once ***********************************************
  Serial.begin(9600);   //Nothing more needed for the Serial Monitor to function
  pinMode(LED_BUILTIN, OUTPUT);          //Arduino boards contain an onboard LED
  digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, ledBinVal);//Onboard LED switched to default setting
  analogReference(DEFAULT);           //Option may be different for other boards
  Wire.begin();
  writeI2CRegister8bit(0x20, 6);              //Reset sensor to tell it is slave
}//--(end setup )---------------------------------------------------------------


void loop() { //KEEP ON RUNNING THIS LOOP FOREVER ******************************
  read_moisture();                              //Reads the moisture of the soil
  Serial.print(readI2CRegister16bit(0x20, 0));       //Read capacitance register
  Serial.print(" ");                                  //Space to separate fields
  Serial.print(moisture1);                               //Read resistance input
  Serial.println(" X");                             //Sequence to finish reading
  toggle_ledBin();                  //Toggles the default on-board LED on or off
  delay(2000);
} //End of void loop()                       //KEEP ON RUNNING THIS LOOP FOREVER


void read_moisture(void) { //Reads the moisture of the soil ********************
  if (moistSwitch1) {
    pinMode(A0, INPUT);
    pinMode(A1, OUTPUT);
    digitalWrite(A1, HIGH);
    delay(2);
    moisture1 = analogRead(A0);                                      //Moisture
    digitalWrite(A1, LOW);
  }else{
    pinMode(A1, INPUT);
    pinMode(A0, OUTPUT);
    digitalWrite(A0, HIGH);
    delay(2);
    moisture1 = analogRead(A1);                                      //Moisture
    digitalWrite(A0, LOW);
  }
  moistSwitch1 = !moistSwitch1;                      //Toggle value moistSwitch1
} //Exit read_moisture ---------------------------------------------------------


void toggle_ledBin(void) { //Toggles the default on-board LED on or off ********
  ledBinVal = !ledBinVal;                                         //Toggle value
  digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, ledBinVal);         //Set Arduino boards onboard LED
} //Exit toggle_ledBin ---------------------------------------------------------


void writeI2CRegister8bit(int addr, int value) {
  Wire.beginTransmission(addr);
  Wire.write(value);
  Wire.endTransmission();
}


unsigned int readI2CRegister16bit(int addr, int reg) {
  Wire.beginTransmission(addr);
  Wire.write(reg);
  Wire.endTransmission();
  delay(20);
  Wire.requestFrom(addr, 2);
  unsigned int t = Wire.read() << 8;
  t = t | Wire.read();
  return t;
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// PIN ALLOCATIONS TABLE ARDUINO UNO                                          //
// Board -Atmel- PIN - IDE - Function          - Connection               ALT //
//                                                                            //
// CONNECTIONS RAILS TOP LEFT: DIGITAL PWM<~> ******************************* //
// SCL   -  28 - PC5 -19/A5- ADC5/SCL/PCINT13  - CJMCU Moisture 2 Sensor  TWI //
// SDA   -  27 - PC4 -18/A4- ADC4/SDA/PCINT12  - CJMCU Moisture 2 Sensor  TWI //
// AREF  -  21 - REF -     - AREF              -                              //
// GND   -  22 - GND -     - GND               -                              //
// 13    -  19 - PB5 -  13 - SCK/PCINT5        - LED_BUILTIN Arduino      SPI //
// 12    -  18 - PB4 -  12 - MISO/PCINT4       -                          SPI //
// ~11   -  17 - PB3 -  11 - MOSI/OC2A/PCINT3  - LED 3-color blue         PWM //
// ~10   -  16 - PB2 -  10 - SS/OC1B/PCINT2    - LED 3-color green        PWM //
// ~9    -  15 - PB1 -   9 - OC1A/PCINT1       - LED 3-color red          PWM //
// 8     -  14 - PB0 -   8 - PCINT0/CLK0/ICP1  -                          DIO //
//                                                                            //
// CONNECTIONS RAILS TOP RIGHT: DIGITAL PWM<~> ****************************** //
// 7     -  13 - PD7 -   7 - PCINT23/AIN1      -                          DIO //
// ~6    -  12 - PD6 -   6 - PCINT22/OCA0/AIN0 -                          PWM //
// ~5    -  11 - PD5 -   5 - PCINT21/OC0B/T1   -                          PWM //
// ~4    -   6 - PD4 -   4 - PCINT20/XCK/T0    -                          PWM //
// ~3    -   5 - PD3 -   3 - PCINT19/OC2B/INT1 -                          INT //
// ~2    -   4 - PD2 -   2 - PCINT18/INT0      -                          INT //
// TX->1 -   3 - PD1 -   1 - PCINT17/TXD       - Serial monitor           TXD //
// RX<-0 -   2 - PD0 -   0 - PCINT16/RCD       - Serial Monitor           RCD //
//                                                                            //
// CONNECTIONS RAILS BOTTOM LEFT: POWER ************************************* //
// 5V    -   7 - VCC -      - VCC              - Output to breadboard     VCC //
// RES   -   1 - RES -      - PCINT14/RESET    -                          RES //
// 3.3V  -     -     -     -                   -                              //
// 5V    -     -     -     -                   -                              //
// GND   -     -     -     -                   -                              //
// GND   -     -     -     -                   -                              //
// Vin   -     -     -     -                   -                              //
//                                                                            //
// CONNECTIONS RAILS BOTTOM RIGHT: ANALOG IN ******************************** //
// A0    -  23 - PC0 -A0/14- ADC0/PCINT8       - Moisture 1 Left          ADC //
// A1    -  24 - PC1 -A1/15- ADC1/PCINT9       - Moisture 1 Right         ADC //
// A2    -  25 - PC2 -A2/16- ADC2/PCINT10      -                          ADC //
// A3    -  26 - PC3 -A3/17- ADC3/PCINT12      -                          ADC //
// A4    -  27 - PC4 -A4/18- ADC4/SDA/PCINT12  -                          TWI //
// A5    -  28 - PC5 -A5/19- ADC5/SCL/PCINT13  -                          TWI //
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// EEPROM MEMORY MAP:                                                         //
// Start End  Number Description                                              //
// 0000  0000      1 Never use this memory location to be AVR compatible      //
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//345678911234567892123456789312345678941234567895123456789612345678971234567898